Leadership and Teamwork in Innovation Ecosystems

As experts acknowledge innovation is rarely driven by individuals acting in an isolated capacity, it is generally a social and collaborative element that triggers the concepts of organizational behavior. The question is then how to create environments in projects and in organizations where individual’s creativity and contribution fosters pollination to drive innovation. Studies confirm that the key impacting element in this area is teamwork quality, rather than team composition. Thus, organizations need to create teams with key traits that drive positive collaborations such as communication, coordination, balance of member contributions, mutual support, effort, and cohesion. These traits will allow a social group to deal with the inevitable creative tension needed for innovation ecosystems to flourish. Since human behavior is not mathematical, the only way to do this is creating the conditions for these traits to appear. In this context, leaders as social architects become very important, setting the tone of the organization, clearly defining the mission, identifying and living shared values, setting example, and understanding how organizations and social groups behave. When they are able to build high quality and performing environments, they become innovation brokers generating models that are scalable to be able to impact communities

Active Q-switched distributed feedback erbium-doped fiber lasers

This letter presents a distributed feedback fiber laser that operates in an actively controlled Q-switched regime. The laser is based on a Bragg grating made in an erbium-doped fiber. The grating has a defect induced by a magnetostrictive transducer that configures the distributed feedback laser structure. The phase shift generated by the defect can be dynamically modified by an electric current, permitting active Q-switching of the laser. The laser generates pulses of 75 ns duration and the repetition rate can be continuously adjusted from 0 to 10 kHz

The role of cover crops in irrigated systems: water balance, nitrate leaching and soil mineral nitrogen accumulation

Soil salinity and salt leaching are a risk for sustainable agricultural production in many irrigated areas. This study was conducted over 3.5 years to determine how replacing the usual winter fallow with a cover crop (CC) affects soil salt accumulation and salt leaching in irrigated systems. Treatments studied during the period between summer crops were: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and fallow. Soil water content was monitored daily to a depth of 1.3 m and used with the numerical model WAVE to calculate drainage. Electrical conductivity (EC) was measured in soil solutions periodically, and in the soil saturated paste extracts before sowing CC and maize. Salt leaching was calculated multiplying drainage by total dissolved salts in the soil solution, and use to obtain a salt balance. Total salt leaching over the four winter fallow periods was 26 Mg ha−1, whereas less than 18 Mg ha−1 in the presence of a CC. Periods of salt gain occurred more often in the CC than in the fallow. By the end of the experiment, net salt losses occurred in all treatments, owing to occasional periods of heavy rainfall. The CC were more prone than the fallow to reduce soil salt accumulation during the early growth stages of the subsequent cash crop

Deterioro cognitivo postquirúrgico en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria y/o valvulopatía aórtica

Se muestra la presencia de deterioro cognitivo postquirúrgico en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria y/o valvulopatía aórticaUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Psicología Jurídica en España: Delimitación Conceptual, Campos de Investigación e Intervención y Propuesta Formativa dentro de la Enseñanza Oficial / Legal Psychology in Spain: Conceptual Boundary, Fields of Investigation and Intervention and Formative Proposal of Official Education

La Psicología Jurídica como especialidad profesional del psicólogo ha tenido un desarrollo exponencial desde finales de los años ochenta hasta la actualidad, considerándose un campo consolidado dentro de la Psicología Aplicada. Inexplicablemente, sin embargo, esta madurez de la Psicología Jurídica no se ha visto reflejada con su incursión en los nuevos itinerarios curriculares elaborados a partir del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. En el presente trabajo se maneja como hipótesis explicativa de esta situación la dificultad de vertebrar este campo disciplinar debido a los diversos ámbitos de interés investigador y de intervención. Se pretende, por tanto, generar debate entre académicos y profesionales de la Psicología Jurídica con el fin de buscar el consenso que impulse un firme afianzamiento no sólo de perfiles profesionales específicos dentro del ámbito de la Psicología Jurídica sino de ésta como disciplina dentro de la Psicología. Se propone así, un concepto único para definir el campo, distintas áreas en las que agrupar la investigación y prácticas profesionales, a la vez que se sugiere un proyecto de Master Oficial en Psicología Jurídica como punto de partida para el debate. El reconocimiento académico de la Psicología Jurídica además de garantizar la proyección futura de la disciplina tanto en su vertiente aplicada como de investigación permitirá seguir ofreciendo a la sociedad en general y al mundo de la ley en particular una actuación profesional de calidad y adaptada a los retos futuros. [ABSTRACT]Legal Psychology as psychologist´s professional specialty has had an exponential development since the end of the Eighties until the present time, considering itself a consolidated field within Applied Psychology. Inexplicably, nevertheless, this maturity of Legal Psychology has not been reflected with its incursion in the new curricular itineraries elaborated from the European Space of Superior Education. This paper handles, as an explanatory hypothesis of this situation, the difficulty of integrating this disciplinary field due to the diverse scopes of investigative interest and intervention. It is intended, therefore, to generate debate between academics and professionals of Legal Psychology in altars to the search of the consensus that impels a firm reinforcement not only of specific professional profiles within the scope of Legal Psychology but also as a discipline within Psychology. A unique concept to define the field, different areas in which to group the professional investigation and practices, are being proposed, as well as it is being suggested a project of Official Masters in Legal Psychology as departure point for the debate. The academic recognition of Legal Psychology, along with guaranteeing the future projection of this discipline in its applied and investigative areas, will allow to continue offering a professional and qualified performance adapted to future challenges, to the mainly society and specifically the world of the law

Niveles de vida y diferencias rural-urbana de la estatura en los inicios del crecimiento económico español

This paper examines the urban-rural differences of the height during the early stages of modern economic growth and industrialization in Spain. Its aim is to explore the extent of the urban penalty, and the changes of biological welfare in the cities and villages, in the rural and urban areas. We use height data of military recruitment records between 1857 and 1936, that provide information on the health and net nutrition of cohorts 1837-1915. We note that previous studies reported higher penalty in rural areas than in cities, and that the height deteriorated in the most industrialized cities due to unhealthy environments, child labor and spread of infections. The new data shows that in some rural areas had better nutritional status that in urban areas with better care resources, so the rural-urban gap was more diverse than we thought, not only by environmental factors but institutions. Data suggests more research on height by social classes in the diverse Spanish geography.Este trabajo examina las diferencias urbano-rurales de la estatura durante las primeras fases de la industrialización española. Su objetivo es explorar la dimensión de la urban penalty y los cambios del bienestar biológico en las ciudades frente al mundo rural. Usamos como principal fuente de datos las tallas de los reclutamientos militares entre 1857 y 1936, que nos informan sobre la salud y la nutrición neta en las cohortes de 1837 a 1915. Señala que los estudios previos registraron una mayor penalización en las zonas rurales que en las ciudades y que la talla se deterioró en las ciudades más industrializadas como consecuencia de ambientes insalubres, del abultado empleo infantil y alta incidencia de las infecciones. Los nuevos datos demuestran que en ciertos ámbitos rurales había un mejor estado nutricional que en algunos centros urbanos bien provistos de recursos asistenciales; por tanto, la brecha rural-urbana de la estatura fue más diversa de lo que pensábamos, por factores no sólo ambientales sino institucionales. Se sugiere ampliar la investigación sobre la geografía de la estatura y analizarla por clases sociales

Gestió per la remuntada del Màster MUESAEI al Campus UPC de Vilanova i la Geltrú

Projecte presentat al 5è Premi a la Qualitat de la Gestió Universitària, convocat pel Consell Social de la UPCPostprint (author's final draft